I-O-nitrophenol
Ifomula yolwakhiwo
Igama leKhemikhali: O-nitrophenol
Amanye Amagama: 2-nitrophenol, O-hydroxynitrobenzene
Ifomula: C6H5NO3
Ubunzima bemolekyuli: 139
Inombolo yeCAS: 88-75-5
I-EINECS: 201-857-5
Inani lezothutho lempahla eyingozi: UN 1663
Iinkcukacha
1. Imbonakalo: Umgubo wekristale okhanyayo otyheli
2. Indawo yokunyibilika: 43-47℃
3. Ukunyibilika: ukunyibilika kwi-ethanol, i-ether, ibenzene, i-carbon disulfide, i-caustic soda namanzi ashushu, inyibilika kancinane emanzini abandayo, iyajikajika nomphunga.
Indlela yokudibanisa
I-1.Indlela ye-Hydrolysis: i-o-nitrochlorobenzene i-hydrolyzed kwaye i-acidified isisombululo se-sodium hydroxide.Yongeza i-1850-1950 l ye-76-80 g / L isisombululo se-sodium hydroxide kwi-hydrolysis pot, uze udibanise i-250 kg ye-o-nitrochlorobenzene edibeneyo.Xa ishushu kwi-140-150 ℃ kunye noxinzelelo malunga ne-0.45MPa, yigcine i-2.5h, uze uyiphakamise kwi-153-155 ℃ kunye noxinzelelo malunga ne-0.53mpa, kwaye uyigcine i-3h.Emva kokusabela, yapholiswa ukuya kwi-60 ℃.Yongeza i-1000L yamanzi kunye ne-60L egxininisiweyo ye-sulfuric acid kwicrystallizer kwangaphambili, emva koko ucinezele kwi-hydrolyzate ekhankanywe ngasentla, kwaye ngokucothayo wongeze i-asidi yesulfuric de iphepha lokuvavanya elibomvu laseCongo lijike libe mfusa, wongeze umkhenkce ukuba uphole ukuya kwi-30 ℃, ugxobhoze, uhluze kwaye ungcangcazele. Susa utywala oomama nge-centrifuge ukufumana i-210kg o-nitrophenol enomxholo omalunga nama-90%.Isivuno simalunga nama-90%.Enye indlela yokulungisa i-nitration ye-phenol ibe ngumxube we-o-nitrophenol kunye ne-p-nitrophenol, kwaye emva koko i-distillation ye-o-nitrophenol kunye nomphunga wamanzi.I-nitrification yenziwa kwi-15-23 ℃ kwaye ubushushu obukhulu akufanele budlule i-25 ℃.
2.Phenol nitration.I-Phenol ifakwe kwi-nitric acid ukwenza umxube we-o-nitrophenol kunye ne-p-nitrophenol, kwaye emva koko yahlulwe yi-steam distillation.
Isicelo
Ingasetyenziswa njengendawo ephakathi ye-organic synthesis efana neyeza, idayi, umncedisi werabha kunye nemathiriyeli yefotosensitive.Inokusetyenziswa kwakhona njengesalathisi se-pH se-monochromatic.
Indlela yokugcina
Ivenkile evaliweyo kwindawo epholileyo nengena umoya.Zigcine kude nomlilo kunye nobushushu.Kufuneka igcinwe ngokwahlukileyo kwi-oxidant, i-reductant, i-alkali kunye neekhemikhali ezidliwayo, kunye nokugcinwa okuxubileyo kufuneka kugwenywe.Izibane ezikhusela uqhushumbo kunye nezixhobo zokungenisa umoya zamkelwe.Akuvumelekanga ukusebenzisa izixhobo zoomatshini kunye nezixhobo ezilula ukuvelisa iintlantsi.Indawo yokugcina kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokuqulatha ukuvuza, kude nomthombo wobushushu, intlantsi kunye nedangatye elivuthayo kunye neendawo eziqhumayo.
Ingqalelo
Umsebenzi ovaliweyo ukunika umbhobho owaneleyo wendawo.Abanini-zithuthi kufuneka baqeqeshwe ngokukodwa kwaye bathobele ngokungqongqo iinkqubo zokusebenza.Kucetyiswa ukuba abaqhubi kufuneka banxibe isigqubuthelo sothuli sohlobo lwemaski, iiglasi zokhuseleko lwekhemikhali, iimpahla zokusebenza zokungena ezichasene netyhefu kunye neeglavu zerabha.Zigcine kude nomlilo kunye nobushushu.Akutshaywa emsebenzini.Sebenzisa isixokelelwano sokungenisa umoya esingagqabhukiyo kunye nezixhobo.Luphephe uthuli.Gwema ukudibanisa ne-oxidant, i-agent yokunciphisa kunye ne-alkali.Xa ithwele, kufuneka ilayishwe kwaye yothulwe kancinane ukukhusela ipakethe kunye nesikhongozeli ukuba singonakali.Izixhobo zokucima umlilo zohlobo oluhambelanayo kunye nobungakanani kunye nokuvuza kwezixhobo zonyango olungxamisekileyo ziya kubonelelwa.Izikhongozeli ezingenanto zingaqulatha izinto eziyingozi.
